Article
Hematology
Hannes Vietzen, Philippe L. Furlano, Jan J. Cornelissen, Georg A. Boehmig, Peter Jaksch, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stoeckl
Summary: This study found that nonclassic human leukocyte antigen E (HLA-E)-restricted immune responses have a significant impact on the development of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) diseases in the individual host. The highly expressed HLA-E*0103/0103 genotype is protective against infectious mononucleosis (IM) by inducing potent EBV BZLF1-specific HLA-E-restricted CD8(+) T-cell responses. Variations in the inhibitory NKG2A/LMP-1/HLA-E axis are associated with the risk of symptomatic EBV reactivations in both immunocompetent individuals and immunocompromised transplant recipients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linlin Zhang, Mengjia Liu, Meng Zhang, Junhong Ai, Jiao Tian, Ran Wang, Zhengde Xie
Summary: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is an acute syndrome associated with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The exact pathogenic mechanism of IM remains unclear and there is currently no effective treatment. B cells and NK cells play important roles in IM, while the balance between CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells is crucial for lifelong control of the disease. Transcriptome sequencing of different cell populations involved in IM can help understand their functions and pathogenic mechanisms.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Jennifer A. Slyker, Brandon Guthrie, Mark Pankau, Kenneth Tapia, Dalton Wamalwa, Sarah Benki-Nugent, Evelyn Ngugi, Meei-Li Huang, Irene Njuguna, Agnes Langat, Grace John-Stewart, Dara Lehman
Summary: The study found that co-infections of CMV and EBV were associated with higher HIV reservoir levels in Kenyan children with suppressed HIV RNA, suggesting that delaying or controlling CMV and EBV infections may be novel strategies to limit HIV reservoir formation.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Agnieszka Jablonska, Branislav Zagrapan, Edyta Paradowska, Christoph Neumayer, Wolf Eilenberg, Christine Brostjan, Markus Klinger, Josif Nanobachvili, Ihor Huk
Summary: The study found that CMV infection may stimulate local inflammation in the aorta but is not a direct cause of most abdominal aortic aneurysms.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ana Cirac, Remy Poirey, Michael Dieckmeyer, Klaus Witter, Henri-Jacques Delecluse, Uta Behrends, Josef Mautner
Summary: Whole genome sequencing of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) isolates has revealed extensive strain heterogeneity, with polymorphisms detected in a high percentage of T-cell epitopes. These findings suggest that a combinatorial library of consensus epitopes may provide better targets for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. Polymorphisms in epitope sequences imply immune selection plays a role in driving strain diversification and indicate the potential for novel insight into immune targets and host defense against virus evolution.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Virology
Christian Munz
Summary: EBV is the most common human tumor virus, infecting over 95% of the adult population but only a small minority developing malignancies. The majority control EBV infection with specific lymphocytes, defining immune response characteristics. Current research focuses on developing immunotherapies against EBV and tumors.
CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pathology
Hung-Lin Liu, Shao-Wen Weng, Chih-Chi Chou, Huey-Ling You, Ming-Chung Wang, Ming-Chun Ma, Wan-Ting Huang
Summary: This study found that the level of FOXP3 expression is closely related to the clinical features and prognosis of AITL patients. Low FOXP3 expression is associated with increased risk of disease progression and recurrence. Therefore, the expression level of FOXP3 is of great significance for risk stratification and determination of treatment strategies for AITL patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jaideep Mahendra, Little Mahendra, Dhana Divya, Paavai Ilango, Nalini Devarajan, Abirami Thanigaimalai
Summary: This study evaluates and compares the levels of lipocalin, adiponectin, and periodontal viruses in generalized periodontitis patients with and without diabetes mellitus. The results show that patients with diabetes and periodontitis have higher prevalence of EBV and CMV, as well as decreased levels of adiponectin, indicating an aggravation of the diabetic status among periodontitis patients and reinforcing the Periodontitis-DM continuum.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leila Sawada, Antonio Carlos Rosario Vallinoto, Igor Brasil-Costa
Summary: EBV is an oncovirus associated with various types of cancer, with the reason for cancer development in only some infected individuals still unknown. EBV-associated cancers are more aggressive and resistant to treatment compared to EBV-negative cancers, making monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoints a potential therapy.
Article
Immunology
Jing-Rui Zhou, Da-Yu Shi, Rong Wei, Yu Wang, Chen-Hua Yan, Xiao-Hui Zhang, Lan-Ping Xu, Kai-Yan Liu, Xiao-Jun Huang, Yu-Qian Sun
Summary: Reactivation of both cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus is common after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and is associated with poor outcomes, including lower overall survival and leukemia-free survival rates. Co-reactivation of these viruses is also linked to prolonged viral duration and poor CD4+CD25+ T cell reconstitution post-transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshimi Enose-Akahata, Limin Wang, Fahad Almsned, Kory R. Johnson, Yair Mina, Joan Ohayon, Xin Wei Wang, Steven Jacobson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), and the cause of MS remains unknown. This study investigated the antibody responses against various viruses in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of MS patients, and found significant differences compared to healthy volunteers, as well as a pattern of antibody responses against multiple viruses, including Epstein-Barr virus. These findings indicate that virus-specific antibody signatures might reflect the disease-associated inflammatory milieu in the CSF of patients with neuroinflammatory diseases.
Review
Cell Biology
Chin-King Looi, Lian-Chee Foong, Felicia Fei-Lei Chung, Alan Soo-Beng Khoo, Ee-Mun Loo, Chee-Onn Leong, Chun-Wai Mai
Summary: This review provides updated understanding of the roles of epigenetic factors in regulating EBV latent gene expression and promoting NPC progression. The crosstalk between epigenetic mechanisms and immune evasion in NPC is explored, along with the potential roles of DNMT and HDAC inhibitors in reversing immune suppression and augmenting antitumour immunity. Furthermore, the advantages of combining epigenetic therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitor to reverse immune resistance and improve clinical outcomes are highlighted.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pathology
Sudipta Samanta, Muthukaruppan Swaminathan, Jianing Hu, Khai Tuck Lee, Ajitha Sundaresan, Chuan Keng Goh, Chor Hiang Siow, Kwok Seng Loh, Soh Ha Chan, Joshua K. Tay, Ian Cheong
Summary: The use of immunofluorescence assay for detecting serum Epstein-Barr virus antibodies is the gold standard screening test for nasopharyngeal cancer in high-risk populations. This study demonstrates that integrating deep learning with automated fuzzy inference can improve the scalability and accuracy of NPC detection.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Lili Cheng, Qi Song, Mengke Liu, Yan Wang, Hongmei Yi, Ying Qian, Pengpeng Xu, Shu Cheng, Chaofu Wang, Li Wang, Weili Zhao
Summary: PBL is a rare and aggressive hematological malignancy that commonly occurs in immune incompetent patients, with no specific standard treatment currently available. In some cases, immune therapy may be a potential treatment option for PBL, providing new insights into its management.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rachele Ciccocioppo, Caterina Mengoli, Elena Betti, Giuditta Comolli, Irene Cassaniti, Antonio Piralla, Peter Kruzliak, Martin Caprnda, Lodovica Pozzi, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino, Fausto Baldanti
Summary: The study revealed that impaired EBV-specific immunity is evident in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), especially in those who are refractory to therapy. Mucosal loads of EBV and HCMV were significantly higher in refractory UC patients and correlated with disease activity indexes.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)