Review
Genetics & Heredity
Chuncheng Yi, Tiandong Li, Yajing Shen, Peng Wang, Liping Dai, Jianxiang Shi, Keyan Wang, Changqing Sun, Hua Ye
Summary: This meta-analysis suggests a significant association between ERCC1 rs11615, ERCC1 rs3212986, ERCC2 rs1799793, and ERCC5 rs17655 and CRC susceptibility. However, larger and well-designed studies are needed to confirm these results due to the limited sample size and influence of genetic background.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sanjoy K. Paul, Jonathan E. Shaw, Peter Fenici, Olga Montvida
Summary: This study aimed to explore the risks and mediation effects of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) in young- and usual-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) among White Americans (WAs) and African Americans (AAs). The study found that AAs had a higher risk of developing CKD and HF compared to WAs, and CKD had a greater mediation effect on the HF risk difference between ethnicities compared to HF on CKD risk difference.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Lisa M. Christian, Julian Koenig, DeWayne P. Williams, Gaston Kapuku, Julian F. Thayer
Summary: This study found that pregnancy leads to decreased mean arterial pressure (MAP) in both African Americans (AA) and European Americans (EA), but impaired vasodilation was observed in AAs, which was related to experiences of discrimination and offspring birth weight.
Review
Psychology, Clinical
J. Fernandez-Alvarez, M. Grassi, D. Colombo, C. Botella, P. Cipresso, G. Perna, G. Riva
Summary: The efficacy of biofeedback and neurofeedback in treating depressive symptoms is still controversial. However, a meta-analysis of studies suggests that both techniques may become relevant complementary strategies for the treatment of depression in the future.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
DeWayne P. Williams, Julian F. Thayer, James D. Halbert, Xiaoling Wang, Gaston Kapuku
Summary: The study found that African Americans and European Americans differ in hemodynamics underlying long-term blood pressure regulation. Over 6 years, African Americans show total peripheral resistance-mediated increases in blood pressure compared to European Americans. Higher heart rate variability predicts lower blood pressure and total peripheral resistance 6 years later in European Americans but not African Americans.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Changsen Yang, Tiangang Song, Yajie Mo, Peixuan Wu, Haokun Tian, Lequan Wen, Yun Gao
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association of CCL4 rs10491121 and rs1634507 polymorphisms with cancer susceptibility. The results showed that the G allele of rs10491121 was associated with increased cancer risk in the Chinese population. However, the G allele of rs1634507 was not found to be associated with reduced risk of oral cancer and increased risk of other cancers studied.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ahmad K. Almekkawi, Marwa W. AlJardali, Hicham M. Daadaa, Alison L. Lane, Ashley R. Worner, Mohammad A. Karim, Adrienne C. Scheck, Richard E. Frye
Summary: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are congenital abnormalities in the central nervous system. SNPs in the folate pathway genes MTHFR, MTRR, and RFC are highly associated with NTD risk, especially in the Asian population. Further high-quality research from diverse ethnicities is needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the role of folate metabolism in NTDs.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Abdolreza Mohammadi, Alireza Namazi Shabestari, Leila Zareian Baghdadabad, Fatemeh Khatami, Leonardo Oliveira Reis, Mahin Ahmadi Pishkuhi, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir
Summary: This study investigates the association between recurrent kidney stones and genetic polymorphisms through a meta-analysis. The findings show that polymorphisms in VDR, CASR, Osteopontin, and Urokinase genes are significantly associated with urinary stone formation, while the Klotho gene has a protective effect.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Li-Rong Yan, Zhi Lv, Jing-Jing Jing, Yuan Yuan, Qian Xu
Summary: Through meta-analysis, it was found that SNPs related to immune response are closely associated with AG risk, suggesting their potential as predictive biomarkers for AG. Further updated meta-analyses based on extensive relevant studies are needed for more reliable results.
Review
Physiology
Xuemei Hu, Mingyang Zhao, Xue Yang, Dongsen Wang, Qingjian Wu
Summary: In this study, the relationship between SLC6A11 and GABRG2 genes and drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE) was systematically assessed. The results showed that there was no significant correlation between SLC6A11 rs2304725 and GABRG2 rs211037 and DRE, except for the over-dominant model where rs2304725 was significantly correlated with DRE. Moreover, rs211037 conveyed a genetic risk for DRE in an Asian population in the allele, dominant, and additive models.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Yuxi Li, Lanlan Fang, Yang Yan, Zhen Wang, Ze Wu, Qiongqiong Jia, Jung-Chien Cheng, Ying-Pu Sun
Summary: The presence of a polymorphism of eight or more SHBG (TAAAA)n may be a predictive factor for the risk of PCOS, as it is associated with PCOS risk and low serum SHBG concentrations in women with PCOS. Other SHBG gene polymorphisms were not significantly associated with either PCOS risk or serum SHBG concentrations.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Yang Yan, Lanlan Fang, Yuxi Li, Yiping Yu, Yiran Li, Jung-Chien Cheng, Ying-Pu Sun
Summary: This meta-analysis found that MMP2-735T allele and MMP9-1562T allele are significantly associated with the risk of RSA.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bruria Hirsh Raccah, Bar Biton, Offer Amir, Israel Gotsman, Dean Nahman, Ilan Matok
Summary: This meta-analysis assessed the efficacy of anti-remodeling cardiac therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy cardiomyopathy (DMDCM). The results showed that pharmacologic treatment can decrease heart rate, improve left ventricular ejection fraction, and potentially reduce total mortality.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Megan Yu Cai Lim, Jia Rong Tee, Wai-Ping Yau, Han Kiat Ho
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between CYP7A1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and the response to statin therapy. It was found that carriers of CYP7A1 variant alleles had a reduced effect of statins on cholesterol control compared to non-variant allele carriers.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Harold H. Lee, Laura D. Kubzansky, Sakurako S. Okuzono, Claudia Trudel-Fitzgerald, Peter James, Hayami K. Koga, Eric S. Kim, LaShaunta M. Glover, Mario Sims, Francine Grodstein
Summary: Optimism is associated with lower mortality rates among African-Americans, with stronger effects observed in men, individuals with higher income or education, and those aged <= 55. Further research is needed to explore the impact of sociodemographic factors on the relationship between optimism and mortality in diverse populations. Positive factors, such as optimism, may play a crucial role in complementing public health efforts to reduce health disparities.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
May A. Beydoun, Nicole Noren Hooten, Jordan Weiss, Hind A. Beydoun, Michael Georgescu, David W. Freeman, Michele K. Evans, Alan B. Zonderman
Summary: Serum GDF15 levels are correlated with multiple neurodegenerative diseases. This study examined the association between initial serum GDF15 concentrations and cognitive performance over time in a diverse sample of middle-aged adults. The results showed cross-sectional associations between GDF15 and cognitive performance, but GDF15 did not predict changes in cognitive performance over a 4-year follow-up period. More longitudinal studies are needed to assess the clinical utility of GDF15 as a biomarker for early cognitive defects.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anne B. Newman, Sheena Patel, Jorge R. Kizer, Se-Jin Lee, Shalinder Bhasin, Peggy Cawthon, Nathan LeBrasseur, Russel P. Tracy, Peter Ganz, Steven R. Cummings
Summary: Studies using heterochronic parabiosis have found that circulating factors play a role in brain aging in animal models. In this study, the levels of GDF-11, GDF-8, and follistatin were evaluated and their associations with cognitive function, brain MRI findings, and incident dementia were assessed. The results showed that these factors were not significantly correlated with cognitive outcomes or dementia in older adults.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ben Freedman, Renate B. Schnabel
Summary: Screening for atrial fibrillation in high-risk populations could contribute to stroke prevention, although randomized trials are underpowered. However, the encouraging results from meta-analysis and the potential of consumer-facing wearable devices to detect unknown atrial fibrillation are notable, even though they are mostly used by individuals at low risk of stroke.
NATURE REVIEWS CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Emelia J. Benjamin, Kevin L. Thomas, Alan S. Go, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Christine M. Albert, Alvaro Alonso, Alanna M. Chamberlain, Utibe R. Essien, Inmaculada Hernandez, Mellanie True Hills, Kiarri N. Kershaw, Phillip D. Levy, Jared W. Magnani, Daniel D. Matlock, Emily C. O'Brien, Carlos J. Rodriguez, Andrea M. Russo, Elsayed Z. Soliman, Lawton S. Cooper, Sana M. Al-Khatib
Summary: The contributions of social determinants of health to atrial fibrillation (AF) have received little attention. Social determinants of health affect access to care and management decisions for AF, increasing the likelihood of adverse outcomes among individuals who experience systemic disadvantages. Research is needed to eliminate the substantive inequities in health care delivery and outcomes in AF.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeremiah Wasserlauf, Kelly Vogel, Cailin Whisler, Emelia Benjamin, Robert Helm, Daniel A. Steinhaus, Omair Yousuf, Rod S. Passman
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy of the irregular rhythm notification (IRN) feature of the Apple watch in subjects with a previous diagnosis of nonpermanent atrial fibrillation (AF). The results showed that the IRN had a low rate of false positive detections and high specificity in a population with known AF. However, increased sensitivity and wear times would be necessary for disease management.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alan S. Go, Sana M. Al-Khatib, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Nisha Bansal, Cheryl D. Bushnell, Margaret C. Fang, James V. Freeman, Brian F. Gage, Thorsten Hanke, Elaine M. Hylek, Renato D. Lopes, Peter A. Noseworthy, Vivek Y. Reddy, Daniel E. Singer, Kevin L. Thomas, Mellanie True Hills, Mintu P. Turakhia, Susan J. Zieman, Lawton S. Cooper, Emelia J. Benjamin
Summary: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a strong risk factor for ischemic stroke, which is a major cause of disability and death. With the increasing prevalence of AF and improved survival in cardiovascular disease, the number of people affected by AF will continue to rise. This report summarizes a workshop focused on identifying key research opportunities related to stroke prevention in AF, addressing areas such as improving risk stratification tools, overcoming challenges with oral anticoagulants, and determining the optimal roles of percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion and surgical closure/excision. The report aims to promote innovative research that leads to personalized and effective stroke prevention strategies in individuals with AF.
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Adrian D. Elliott, Emelia J. Benjamin, Melissa E. Middeldorp
Summary: Cardiometabolic risk factors, particularly obesity and hypertension, have the highest population-attributable risk for atrial fibrillation (AF). Hypertension, obesity, acute illness, cardiovascular disease, and inflammation are the top five individual risk factors for AF. We propose five key strategies to manage these risk factors for primary prevention of AF.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Wendy Wang, Lin Yee Chen, Rob F. Walker, Lisa S. Chow, Faye L. Norby, Alvaro Alonso, James S. Pankow, Pamela L. Lutsey
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the association between SGLT2 inhibitors and other second-line diabetes therapies with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and conduct head-to-head comparisons between SGLT2 inhibitors. Using data from the MarketScan databases, SGLT2 inhibitor users were matched with other second-line therapy users. The results showed that SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with a lower risk of CVD compared to other second-line therapies. No significant differences were found when comparing individual SGLT2 inhibitors.
MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Danillo G. Augusto, Lawton D. Murdolo, Demetra S. M. Chatzileontiadou, Joseph J. Sabatino, Tasneem Yusufali, Noah D. Peyser, Xochitl Butcher, Kerry Kizer, Karoline Guthrie, Victoria W. Murray, Vivian Pae, Sannidhi Sarvadhavabhatla, Fiona Beltran, Gurjot S. Gill, Kara L. Lynch, Cassandra Yun, Colin T. Maguire, Michael J. Peluso, Rebecca Hoh, Timothy J. Henrich, Steven G. Deeks, Michelle Davidson, Scott Lu, Sarah A. Goldberg, J. Daniel Kelly, Jeffrey N. Martin, Cynthia A. Vierra-Green, Stephen R. Spellman, David J. Langton, Michael J. Dewar-Oldis, Corey Smith, Peter J. Barnard, Sulggi Lee, Gregory M. Marcus, Jeffrey E. Olgin, Mark J. Pletcher, Martin Maiers, Stephanie Gras, Jill A. Hollenbach
Summary: Studies have shown that at least 20% of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 do not show symptoms. This study investigated the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variation in mediating asymptomatic infection. The researchers identified a strong association between HLA-B*15:01 and asymptomatic infection.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aozhou Wu, A. Richey Sharrett, Aaron R. Folsom, Alvaro Alonso, Keenan A. Walker, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Alden L. Gross, Andreea M. Rawlings, Andrea Lauren Christman Schneider, Josef Coresh
Summary: This study found consistent associations between blood coagulation status in middle age and cognitive decline and dementia risk in late life, possibly due to vascular pathologies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lu-Chen Weng, Shaan Khurshid, Sophia Gunn, Ludovic L. Trinquart, Kathryn Lunetta, Huichun J. Xu, Patrick T. NINDS Stroke Genetics Network, Emelia D. Benjamin, Patrick A. Ellinor, Christopher Anderson, Steven Lubitz
Summary: The polygenic risk score for atrial fibrillation can help distinguish between cardioembolic and noncardioembolic strokes. It improves the discrimination and reclassification of stroke subtypes when combined with clinical risk factors.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marie Fanelli Kuczmarski, May A. Beydoun, Michael F. Georgescu, Nicole Noren Hooten, Nicolle A. Mode, Michele K. Evans, Alan B. Zonderman
Summary: Limited research has been conducted on the trajectories of diet quality in adulthood. This study used data from the HANDLS study to determine the diet quality group trajectories over time. The results showed minimal changes in diet quality regardless of the index used.
Article
Psychiatry
Xuzhi Wang, Chathurangi H. Pathiravasan, Yuankai Zhang, Ludovic Trinquart, Belinda Borrelli, Nicole L. Spartano, Honghuang Lin, Christopher Nowak, Vik Kheterpal, Emelia J. Benjamin, David D. McManus, Joanne M. Murabito, Chunyu Liu
Summary: This study found an association between depressive symptom trajectories and subsequent physical activity collected by mHealth devices. Antecedent depressive symptom trajectories predicted lower levels of physical activity in the future.
JMIR MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Christopher X. Wong, Samuel J. Tu, Gregory M. Marcus
Summary: The association between alcohol consumption and abnormalities of heart rate and rhythm has been well recognized. Attention has been focused on the risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) with excessive alcohol intake. Recent studies have enhanced our understanding of these relationships and provided insights into potential arrhythmogenic mechanisms. However, there is still considerable uncertainty regarding the level of consumption that causes harm and the role of alcohol in other arrhythmias. This review examines the spectrum of conduction abnormalities and heart rhythm disorders in relation to alcohol consumption, and discusses the latest epidemiologic and experimental evidence, the potential importance of beverage type and constituent ingredients, and conflicting information on drink definitions, thresholds, and recommendations.
JACC-CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Satoshi Higuchi, Hiroyuki Ito, Edward P. Gerstenfeld, Adam C. Lee, Byron K. Lee, Gregory M. Marcus, Henry H. Hsia, Joshua D. Moss, Randall J. Lee, Thomas A. Dewland, Vasanth Vedantham, Zian H. Tseng, Akash R. Patel, Ronn E. Tanel, Nitish Badhwar, Cara N. Pellegrini, Mitsuharu Kawamura, Morio Shoda, Chun Hwang, Marwan M. Refaat, Melvin M. Scheinman
Summary: This study found that the difference between the RV basal septal stimulus-atrial electrogram (SA) interval and the ventriculoatrial (VA) interval (DSA-VAbase) can more effectively distinguish atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (AVNRT) from atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT). DSA-VAbase can effectively differentiate different locations of accessory pathways (APs) and provide a localization method for 4 common APs.
JACC-CLINICAL ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)