Article
Mechanics
Sanjay Mittal, Jawahar Sivabharathy Samuthira Pandi, Mainak Hore
Summary: The study investigates the flow past a cylinder with side walls at various Reynolds numbers and aspect ratios, finding that the complexity of wake transitions increases with aspect ratio. The vortex structures and shedding characteristics change with Reynolds number and aspect ratio, showcasing different flow patterns and shedding modes.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Anan Garzozi, David Greenblatt
Summary: This research investigates the effects of alternating slot blowing (ASB) on wind energy generation in oscillating wind energy conversion systems. It was found that ASB significantly improves energetic efficiency by exceeding natural vortex shedding amplitudes and producing higher net peak power coefficients compared to conventional VIV energy harvesters. Further research is needed to improve slot design, flow excitation and forcing, and mathematical modeling of the system.
Article
Mechanics
Thomas Gold, Kevin Reiterer, Dominik Worf, Ali Khosronejad, Helmut Habersack, Christine Sindelar
Summary: The vortex shedding topology of a heavy pendulum oscillating in a dense fluid is investigated using tr-3-D-PTV. The oscillation period depends heavily on the solid to fluid mass ratio, with a damping optimum at m* approximate to 2.50. A novel DOT method is implemented to analyze vortical structures, revealing a similar vortex shedding topology for various mass ratios. The findings show good agreement between the experimentally determined vortex shedding frequency and the theoretical shedding time scale based on the Strouhal number.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Bo Jin, Simon J. Illingworth, Richard D. Sandberg
Summary: This study focuses on linear feedback control of two-dimensional flow past a cylinder at low Reynolds numbers, specifically looking at the optimal placement of a single sensor and a single actuator. By calculating the leading resolvent forcing and response modes of the flow, H-2-optimal estimators and controllers are designed. The research investigates optimal estimation, full-state information control, and overall feedback control, highlighting the importance of sensor and actuator placements in determining feedback control performance under varying Reynolds numbers.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Yongliang Yang, Zhe Feng, Mengqi Zhang
Summary: This paper presents the results of numerical simulations and linear stability analyses on the flow past a cylinder. The effects of aspect ratios and Reynolds numbers on vortex shedding are investigated, and a new steady wake pattern is discovered.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Diego Francescangeli, Karen Mulleners
Summary: This study focuses on the formation, shedding, and trajectory of secondary vortices generated by a rotating rectangular plate in a quiescent fluid. The research demonstrates that the roll-up of the shear layer, the trajectory of the primary vortex, and the path of secondary vortices can be predicted by a modified Kaden spiral. The timing of secondary vortex shedding is analyzed using the swirling strength criterion, revealing that the shedding time interval increases with decreasing Reynolds number.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashish Goyal, Elizabeth R. Duke, E. Fabian Cardozo-Ojeda, Joshua T. Schiffer
Summary: In clinical trials, remdesivir was found to decrease recovery time and prevent hospitalization in patients with SARS-CoV-2. However, it did not reduce nasal viral loads. In animal experiments, early use of remdesivir prevented pneumonia and reduced lung viral loads, but increased viral loads were observed in the nasal passages after a certain period of time. Mathematical models were developed to explain these findings and suggest that a more potent drug could effectively reduce viral loads in both the nasal passages and lungs.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tolga cimen, Verena C. Wilzeck, Giulia Montrasio, Nicole R. Bonetti, Argelia Medeiros-Domingo, Christian Grebmer, Christian M. Matter, Felix C. Tanner, Robert Manka, Corinna B. Brunckhorst, Firat Duru, Ardan M. Saguner
Summary: Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a genetic condition that can cause sudden cardiac death in young athletes due to malignant arrhythmias. This article presents a new variant in the PKP2 gene that causes biventricular arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, affecting a family with only one member showing positive symptoms, who is a competitive endurance athlete.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Jawahar Sivabharathy Samuthira Pandi, Sanjay Mittal
Summary: Numerical simulations of flow past a finite rectangular wing with a NACA 0012 section at different semi-aspect ratios and angles of attack have revealed the presence of streamwise vortices. These vortices become stronger and more numerous as the semi-aspect ratio increases and occupy a larger spanwise extent. The local force coefficients show non-monotonic spanwise variation and the strength of the wing-tip vortex increases for higher semi-aspect ratios. Viscous and pressure drag dominate for low and high semi-aspect ratios respectively, and the time-averaged drag coefficient initially decreases and then increases with increasing semi-aspect ratio. Different types of vortex shedding and dislocations are observed for different semi-aspect ratios and angles of attack.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Haidong Zhao, Hao Ding, Chao Wang, Ke Li, Guoyu Wang, Bing Ren
Summary: A numerical model based on the finite difference method is used to study the vortex-induced vibration of a circular cylinder with two degrees of freedom. The results show that specific vortex shedding modes and trajectory shapes can occur under certain conditions, providing insights into the transitions between different vortex shedding modes.
Article
Mechanics
R. J. Crane, A. R. Popinhak, R. J. Martinuzzi, C. Morton
Summary: This study investigates the wake of a finite wall-mounted circular cylinder, revealing the relationship between periodically shed vortices and the quadrupole structure in the wake. The influence of H/D on the development of the quadrupole is characterized, showing that it emerges as an imprint of shed full-loop structures. The results reconcile mean and instantaneous interpretations satisfying the solenoidal condition on the vorticity field.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Caroline J. Zeiss, Jennifer L. Asher, Brent Vander Wyk, Heather G. Allore, Susan R. Compton
Summary: The study suggests that immune protection from prior natural infection or vaccination can reduce viral shedding and transmission upon re-exposure. Seropositive individuals, even with low levels of shedding, still pose a potential risk for transmitting the virus to susceptible individuals.
Article
Mechanics
Wenwen Tong, Yue Yang, Shizhao Wang
Summary: The study elucidates vortex dynamics of flows past a flapping plate using vortex-surface field and develops models for estimating thrust from shedding vortex surfaces in wakes. Numerical simulations reveal a spoon-like vortex surface shed into the wake from the flapping plate. Simplified theories and time-averaged thrust models offer possible approaches for thrust estimation.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhenhua Lin
Summary: This study validates the influence of ambient density stratification on vortex shedding frequency through numerical simulations and experimental measurements. The numerical results show that the Strouhal number decreases with increasing ambient density gradient. The experimental measurements confirm the expectations from numerical simulations.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Hiroyuki Inoue, Satoki Nakamura, Shuichiro Higo, Mikio Shiba, Yasuaki Kohama, Takumi Kondo, Satoshi Kameda, Tomoka Tabata, Shota Okuno, Yoshihiko Ikeda, Junjun Li, Li Liu, Satoru Yamazaki, Maki Takeda, Emiko Ito, Seiji Takashima, Shigeru Miyagawa, Yoshiki Sawa, Shungo Hikoso, Yasushi Sakata
Summary: Isogenic induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes with precisely adjusted expression of plakophilin-2 from a patient with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy were generated, successfully recapitulating the disease pathology and providing proof of concept for gene replacement therapy.
Article
Biology
Hua-Qian Yang, Marta Perez-Hernandez, Jose Sanchez-Alonso, Andriy Shevchuk, Julia Gorelik, Eli Rothenberg, Mario Delmar, William A. Coetzee
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mathilde R. Rivaud, Mario Delmar, Carol Ann Remme
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2020)
Editorial Material
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mario Delmar, Francisco J. Alvarado, Hector H. Valdivia
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Nora Linscheid, Pi Camilla Poulsen, Ida Dalgaard Pedersen, Emilie Gregers, Jesper Hastrup Svendsen, Morten Salling Olesen, Jesper Velgaard Olsen, Mario Delmar, Alicia Lundby
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah H. Vermij, Jean-Sebastien Rougier, Esperanza Agullo-Pascual, Eli Rothenberg, Mario Delmar, Hugues Abriel
CIRCULATION-ARRHYTHMIA AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah Costa, Marina Cerrone, Ardan M. Saguner, Corinna Brunckhorst, Mario Delmar, Firat Duru
Summary: ACM is a familial disease with the majority of genes linked to desmosomes, genetic variants may lead to dysfunction of cell-to-cell adhesions and intercellular gap junctions, causing cardiomyocyte separation, cardiac conduction delay, and arrhythmias.
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Physiology
J. Snyder, R. Zhai, A. I. Lackey, P. Y. Sato
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Marta Perez-Hernandez, Alejandra Leo-Macias, Sarah Keegan, Mariam Jouni, Joon-Chul Kim, Esperanza Agullo-Pascual, Sarah Vermij, Mingliang Zhang, Feng-Xia Liang, Paul Burridge, David Fenyo, Eli Rothenberg, Mario Delmar
Summary: This study identified a subcellular domain formed by sodium channel clusters and subjacent subsarcolemmal mitochondria in adult cardiac myocytes, shedding light on the intersection between electrical and structural functions of the heart. The proximity of Na(V)1.5 channels to mitochondria resulted in functional changes in mitochondria upon TTX exposure, with increased Ca2+ accumulation and reactive oxygen species production. Additionally, a negative correlation between SCN5A and SLC8B1 at a transcriptional level was observed, highlighting the intricate crosstalk between sodium channels and mitochondria.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alessio Gasperetti, Cynthia A. James, Marina Cerrone, Mario Delmar, Hugh Calkins, Firat Duru
Summary: Physical exercise can influence the progression and arrhythmia risk of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), guidelines currently recommend individuals with ARVC to avoid competitive or high-intensity endurance exercise, as exercise-induced physiological changes may mimic classic features of ARVC.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Marta Perez-Hernandez, Grecia M. Marron-Linares, Florencia Schlamp, Adriana Heguy, Chantal J. M. van Opbergen, Valeria Mezzano, Mingliang Zhang, Feng-Xia Liang, Marina Cerrone, Mario Delmar
Summary: In cardiac myocytes, deficiency of PKP2 results in upregulation of a large number of transcripts, which are inversely correlated with PKP2 abundance in human transcriptomes and are associated with functional pathways related to inflammatory/immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Maarten A. J. De Smet, Alessio Lissoni, Timur Nezlobinsky, Nan Wang, Eef Dries, Marta Perez-Hernandez, Xianming Lin, Matthew Amoni, Tim Vervliet, Katja Witschas, Eli Rothenberg, Geert Bultynck, Rainer Schulz, Alexander V. Panfilov, Mario Delmar, Karin R. Sipido, Luc Leybaert
Summary: Cx43 hemichannels are activated during diastolic Ca2+ release in ventricular cardiomyocytes, contributing to enhanced Ca2+ dynamics due to Ca2+ entry and coupling to release microdomains. Hemichannel opening also leads to delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered action potentials. Increased hemichannel activity is associated with electrical instability in failing human hearts compared to nonfailing donor hearts, suggesting a potentially novel mechanism of cardiac arrhythmogenesis in heart failure.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Gerard A. Marchal, Mariam Jouni, David Y. Chiang, Marta Perez-Hernandez, Svitlana Podliesna, Nuo Yu, Simona Casini, Franck Potet, Christiaan C. Veerman, Mischa Klerk, Elisabeth M. Lodder, Isabella Mengarelli, Kaomei Guan, Carlos G. Vanoye, Eli Rothenberg, Flavien Charpentier, Richard Redon, Alfred L. George, Arie O. Verkerk, Connie R. Bezzina, Calum A. MacRae, Paul W. Burridge, Mario Delmar, Niels Galjart, Vincent Portero, Carol Ann Remme
Summary: The study investigated the role of microtubule plus-end tracking proteins EB1 and CLASP2 in mediating the trafficking and subcellular distribution of Na(V)1.5 in cardiomyocytes. EB1 overexpression led to enhanced I-Na, increased V-max, and enhanced localization of Na(V)1.5 at the plasma membrane in human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pearl Quijada, Michael A. Trembley, Adwiteeya Misra, Jacquelyn A. Myers, Cameron D. Baker, Marta Perez-Hernandez, Jason R. Myers, Ronald A. Dirkx, Ethan David Cohen, Mario Delmar, John M. Ashton, Eric M. Small
Summary: The study suggests that in the developing heart, cell differentiation and development are influenced by chemokines from epicardium-derived cells, affecting endothelial cell migration and fate determination.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jonathan Snyder, Atreju Lackey, G. Schuyler Brown, Melisa Diaz, Tian Yuzhen, Priscila Y. Sato
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the downregulation of GRK2 in pancreatic islets may impact insulin secretion mechanism. Furthermore, the pancreatic deletion of GRK2 in mice resulted in glucose intolerance with diminished insulin secretion, suggesting a new role for GRK2 in glucose-mediated insulin responses relevant to type 2 diabetes disease progression.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruxu Zhai, Erika L. Varner, Ajay Rao, Sunil Karhadkar, Antonio Di Carlo, Nathaniel W. Snyder, Priscila Y. Sato
Summary: GRK2 is upregulated in heart failure and cardiac disease models, which reduces mitochondrial respiratory function and responses to beta-AR activation. Upregulation of GRK2 promotes palmitate-induced cell death and impairs ISO-mediated mitochondrial function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)