Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Julita Tokarek, Angelika Kapuscik, Joanna Kucmierz, Edward Kowalczyk, Michal Seweryn Karbownik
Summary: This study found that medical students under stress who exhibit higher conscientiousness tend to have healthier behaviors, such as healthier dietary habits and less smoking. Therefore, interventions targeting students with lower conscientiousness levels may be beneficial in improving lifestyle habits.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Thomas J. Dinzeo, Uma Thayasivam
Summary: The study found that the severity of schizotypy symptoms was associated with increased somatic symptoms and decreased sleep quality, affecting health-related quality of life. Negative and disorganized symptoms were linked to reduced engagement in health behaviors. Additionally, schizotypy symptoms were related to nicotine use.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Samuel J. Dicken, John J. Mitchell, Jessica Newberry Le Vay, Emma Beard, Dimitra Kale, Aleksandra Herbec, Lion Shahab
Summary: This study found that the average weight and body mass index of UK adults fluctuated during the initial months of the pandemic in 2020, with substantial interindividual variation. Changes in weight and BMI were associated with initial BMI, monthly intake of high fat, salt and sugar snacks, and alcohol consumption.
Article
Biology
Eugenia Irene Davidescu, Irina Odajiu, Delia Tulba, Iulia Mitrea, Camelia Cucu, Bogdan Ovidiu Popescu
Summary: The study found that patients with dystonia have significantly different personality profiles compared to control subjects, with dystonic patients showing higher levels of openness and differences in various personality traits.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Rachel F. Rodgers, Valerie Goutama, Kendrin Sonneville
Summary: Eating behaviors and patterns are important indicators of health, yet there is a lack of a collective theoretical framework to understand and intervene upon these behaviors. This study used a Delphi methodology to establish a consensus-based framework for health-promoting eating behaviors. The findings resulted in a novel framework that can guide collaborative efforts towards integrating physical and mental health promotion.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Catie Chun Wan Lai, Simon Boag
Summary: Recent research suggests that a diet promoting gut health, such as consumption of fermented food and high intake of dietary fiber, is relevant in the treatment and prevention of depression. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between diet, physical health, and depression using a nationally representative sample.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Juhua Luo, Xiwei Chen, Hilary Tindle, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Nazmus Saquib, Lauren Hale, Lorena Garcia, Sparkle Springfield, Buyun Liu, Rami Nassir, Linda Snetselaar, Michael Hendryx
Summary: Personality traits such as dispositional optimism, hostility, and negative emotional expressiveness are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes. The study found that part of these associations were mediated by health behaviors and obesity. It is suggested that women's personality traits should be taken into consideration in diabetes prevention efforts alongside promoting healthy behaviors.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Marius Deckers, Tobias Altmann, Marcus Roth
Summary: Previous research has often neglected the individual perspective when measuring group characteristics. This study compared individual ratings and group ratings of characteristics and found them to likely measure unrelated constructs. Additionally, individual personality traits had an influence on group characteristic ratings, while work experience and work strain did not predict group characteristics beyond the influence of the actual group.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Putul Mahanta, Kahua Das Thakuria, Pinky Goswami, Chandana Kalita, Ranjumoni Knower, Madhab Chandra Rajbangshi, Senjam Gojendra Singh, Jagadish Basumatary, Plabita Majumder
Summary: Orphan children living in orphanages are at risk of malnutrition and behavioral and psychosocial problems. Regular assessments of their physical and mental health are necessary for early detection and intervention.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Weixi Kang
Summary: This study aims to investigate the predictive value of Big Five personality traits on the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis in 7 years. Data from 17,791 participants in the UKHLS were analyzed, and the results revealed that Openness and Conscientiousness are positively associated with a reduced risk of MS diagnosis in 7 years.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ziga Peljko, Jasna Auer Antoncic
Summary: This study explores the impact of entrepreneurial openness and creativity on business growth. It empirically examines the relationships between entrepreneurial openness, creative personality, and entrepreneur's creativity on company growth. The study suggests that an entrepreneur's openness and creative personality are essential for their creativity, which in turn influences the growth of the company.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andrianna Bousiou, Kalliopi Konstantopoulou, Georgia Martimianaki, Eleni Peppa, Antonia Trichopoulou, Argy Polychronopoulou, Demetrios J. Halazonetis, Martin Schimmel, Anastassia E. Kossioni
Summary: In this study, it was found that oral factors, such as masticatory performance and dental habits, have a significant impact on adherence to the Mediterranean diet in older populations. Those with better masticatory performance are more likely to adhere to the Mediterranean diet.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Marie Fanelli Kuczmarski, Elizabeth Orsega-Smith, Nicolle A. Mode, Rita Rawal, Michele K. Evans, Alan B. Zonderman
Summary: Improvements in strength were associated with changes towards improving healthy behaviors, diet with anti-inflammatory potential, not smoking cigarettes and not using illicit drugs. Significant interactions were found between age, race, socioeconomic status, and dietary inflammatory potential.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ajka Pribisalic, Romana Popovic, Fiorella Pia Salvatore, Maja Vatavuk, Marija Masanovic, Caroline Hayward, Ozren Polasek, Ivana Kolcic
Summary: The Mediterranean diet has been found to be beneficial for humans and the environment, but recent studies show a declining trend in adherence, particularly among younger and less affluent individuals. Factors associated with better adherence include female gender, older age, and higher material status, with a decrease seen after the 2007-2008 economic crisis. While adherence to the diet did not significantly change over time in the study, there was an increase in BMI for the subsample. Factors like gender, age, education, and physical activity were positively associated with adherence to the diet, while initial adherence and initial BMI were negatively correlated with BMI change.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nicholas P. Tan, Tamlin S. Conner, Haisu Sun, Steven Loughnan, Luke D. Smillie
Summary: Through two studies, it was found that individuals scoring higher in traits within the openness/intellect and agreeableness domains are more likely to report higher levels of vegetarianism and veganism. The data also suggest that the relationship between personality and vegetarianism/veganism may depend on how vegetarianism/veganism is measured.
Article
Biology
Danni A. Gadd, Robert F. Hillary, Daniel L. McCartney, Shaza B. Zaghlool, Anna J. Stevenson, Yipeng Cheng, Chloe Fawns-Ritchie, Cliff Nangle, Archie Campbell, Robin Flaig, Sarah E. Harris, Rosie M. Walker, Liu Shi, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Christian Gieger, Annette Peters, Melanie Waldenberger, Johannes Graumann, Allan F. McRae, Ian J. Deary, David J. Porteous, Caroline Hayward, Peter M. Visscher, Simon R. Cox, Kathryn L. Evans, Andrew M. McIntosh, Karsten Suhre, Riccardo E. Marioni
Summary: This study explores the relationship between DNA methylation and incident diseases using epigenome-wide data. By training and testing epigenetic scores, the researchers identified scores that are associated with various diseases. These scores can serve as valuable resources for disease prediction and risk stratification.
Article
Cell Biology
Tianxiao Huan, Steve Nguyen, Elena Colicino, Carolina Ochoa-Rosales, W. David Hill, Jennifer A. Brody, Mette Soerensen, Yan Zhang, Antoine Baldassari, Mohamed Ahmed Elhadad, Tanaka Toshiko, Yinan Zheng, Arce Domingo-Relloso, Dong Heon Lee, Jiantao Ma, Chen Yao, Chunyu Liu, Shih-Jen Hwang, Roby Joehanes, Myriam Fornage, Jan Bressler, Joyce B. J. van Meurs, Birgit Debrabant, Jonas Mengel-From, Jacob Hjelmborg, Kaare Christensen, Pantel Vokonas, Joel Schwartz, Sina A. Gahrib, Nona Sotoodehnia, Colleen M. Sitlani, Sonja Kunze, Christian Gieger, Annette Peters, Melanie Waldenberger, Ian J. Deary, Luigi Ferrucci, Yishu Qu, Philip Greenland, Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, Lifang Hou, Stefania Bandinelli, Trudy Voortman, Brenner Hermann, Andrea Baccarelli, Eric Whitsel, James S. Pankow, Daniel Levy
Summary: This study explores the association between DNA methylation (DNAm) and mortality, and identifies CpGs as potential biomarkers for predicting mortality risk. The findings also highlight certain CpGs sites associated with longevity, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer risk, and reveal that genes associated with mortality-related CpGs are enriched for immune- and cancer-related pathways.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna J. Stevenson, Daniel L. McCartney, Danni A. Gadd, Gemma Shireby, Robert F. Hillary, Declan King, Makis Tzioras, Nicola Wrobel, Sarah McCafferty, Lee Murphy, Barry W. McColl, Paul Redmond, Adele M. Taylor, Sarah E. Harris, Tom C. Russ, Andrew M. McIntosh, Jonathan Mill, Colin Smith, Ian J. Deary, Simon R. Cox, Riccardo E. Marioni, Tara L. Spires-Jones
Summary: The study found differences between blood-based inflammation and ageing-related DNA methylation patterns and brain-based patterns, depending on the evaluated regions. The highest epigenetic age acceleration was observed in the hippocampus, while inflammation-related DNA methylation signatures did not vary significantly across brain regions. Reactive microglial burdens were highest in the hippocampus, but the only association between blood- and brain-based methylation signatures and microglia was a significant positive association with acceleration of one epigenetic clock averaged over all five brain regions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Erin L. Richard, Linda K. McEvoy, Ian J. Deary, Gail Davies, Steven Y. Cao, Eyal Oren, John E. Alcaraz, Andrea Z. LaCroix, Jan Bressler, Rany M. Salem
Summary: This study found an association between chronic kidney disease and worse cognition, which may be dependent on genetic risk. Cystatin C-based estimated glomerular filtration rate may better predict cognitive performance than creatinine-based estimates.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Abbie Barnes, Lucia Ballerini, Maria Del C. Valdes Hernandez, Francesca M. Chappell, Susana Munoz Maniega, Rozanna Meijboom, Ellen Backhouse, Michael S. Stringer, Roberto Duarte Coello, Rosalind Brown, Mark E. Bastin, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: Enlarged perivascular spaces (PVS) and white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are features of cerebral small vessel disease observed in brain magnetic resonance imaging. Deep WMH clusters are often found adjacent to or enclosing PVS, especially in the frontal, parietal, and temporal regions. However, there is no evidence to suggest a significant association between the progression of deep WMH and the spatial proximity of PVS.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Judith A. Okely, Katie Overy, Ian J. Deary
Summary: This study found that experience of playing a musical instrument is associated with changes in cognitive ability throughout one's lifetime. Individuals with more musical instrument experience were likely to show greater gains in general cognitive ability, even after accounting for other factors.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Federica P. Conte, Judith A. Okely, Olivia K. Hamilton, Janie Corley, Danielle Page, Paul Redmond, Adele M. Taylor, Tom C. Russ, Ian J. Deary, Simon R. Cox
Summary: This study found that cognitive gain from ages 11 to 70 can predict the rate of cognitive decline in older age, independently of cognitive level in childhood and at age 70, as well as domain-specific change.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Political Science
David McCrone, Cristina Iannelli, Ian J. Deary
Summary: This article is the first of two related to an event at the University of Edinburgh commemorating the retirement of Professor of Education Policy, Lindsay Paterson. Here, three of Paterson's close colleagues outline his significant contribution to Scotland's research, understanding social inequality, and measuring the impact of education on social mobility.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Una Clancy, Ratko Radakovic, Fergus Doubal, Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Susana Munoz Maniega, Adele M. Taylor, Janie Corley, Francesca M. Chappell, Tom C. Russ, Simon R. Cox, Mark E. Bastin, Ian J. Deary, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study aimed to identify the association between apathy, depression, anxiety, and subjective memory complaints with longitudinal white matter hyperintensity (WMH) progression. The study found that apathy symptoms were associated with an increase in WMH, while depression, anxiety, and subjective memory complaints were not.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler Saunders, Ciaran Gunn, Kaj Blennow, Hlin Kvartsberg, Henrik Zetterberg, Susan D. Shenkin, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Colin Smith, Declan King, Tara Spires-Jones
Summary: Neurogranin (Ng), a post-synaptic protein, has been investigated as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our study examined Ng abundance in post-mortem human brain tissue in AD, healthy aging (HA), and mid-life (ML) cohorts. Ng levels were quantified using immunohistochemistry in brain regions associated with cognitive change. The results showed significantly reduced Ng levels in AD compared to HA and ML cases, indicating loss of neurogranin in the brain. Our findings support the use of CSF Ng as a biomarker for AD and cognitive decline in healthy aging.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna E. Furtjes, Ryan Arathimos, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, James H. Cole, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Javier de la Fuente, James W. Madole, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Stuart J. Ritchie
Summary: Understanding the neurodegenerative mechanisms of cognitive decline can help detect health issues in late life. This study explores the genetic links between brain morphometry, aging, and cognitive ability using Genomic Principal Components Analysis. The analysis reveals moderate shared genetic etiology between brain-wide morphometry and cognitive aging, suggesting a potential genetic basis for age-related cognitive decline.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Kartik Chundru, Riccardo E. Marioni, James G. D. Prendergast, Tian Lin, Allan J. Beveridge, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, David A. Hume, Ian J. Deary, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Allan F. McRae
Summary: Testing the effect of rare variants on phenotypic variation is challenging due to the need for large cohorts. This study investigates the effect of rare genetic variants on DNA methylation (DNAm) and demonstrates their role in phenotypic variation. The study also shows that extreme levels of DNAm have functional consequences on gene expression.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ashleigh C. Duthie, Jean Hannah, G. David Batty, Ian J. Deary, John M. Starr, Daniel J. Smith, Tom C. Russ
Summary: This study investigated the association between lithium levels in drinking water and the rate of dementia using data from the Scottish Mental Survey 1932. The results showed that lithium levels in drinking water are very low in Scotland, and extremely low levels of lithium are not associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, there was a slight trend towards increased risk in females at lithium levels below 2.1 mu g/L.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Correction
Genetics & Heredity
Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla, Maria Timofeeva, Zhishan Chen, Philip Law, Minta Thomas, Stephanie Schmit, Virginia Diez-Obrero, Li Hsu, Juan Fernandez-Tajes, Claire Palles, Kitty Sherwood, Sarah Briggs, Victoria Svinti, Kevin Donnelly, Susan Farrington, James Blackmur, Peter Vaughan-Shaw, Xiao-ou Shu, Jirong Long, Qiuyin Cai, Xingyi Guo, Yingchang Lu, Peter Broderick, James Studd, Jeroen Huyghe, Tabitha Harrison, David Conti, Christopher Dampier, Mathew Devall, Fredrick Schumacher, Marilena Melas, Gad Rennert, Mireia Obon-Santacana, Vicente Martin-Sanchez, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Jae Hwan Oh, Jeongseon Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Keum Ji Jung, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Aesun Shin, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Dong-Hyun Kim, Isao Oze, Wanqing Wen, Keitaro Matsuo, Koichi Matsuda, Chizu Tanikawa, Zefang Ren, Yu-Tang Gao, Wei-Hua Jia, John Hopper, Mark Jenkins, Aung Ko Win, Rish Pai, Jane Figueiredo, Robert Haile, Steven Gallinger, Michael Woods, Polly Newcomb, David Duggan, Jeremy Cheadle, Richard Kaplan, Timothy Maughan, Rachel Kerr, David Kerr, Iva Kirac, Jan Bohm, Lukka-Pekka Mecklin, Pekka Jousilahti, Paul Knekt, Lauri Aaltonen, Harri Rissanen, Eero Pukkala, Johan Eriksson, Tatiana Cajuso, Ulrika Hanninen, Johanna Kondelin, Kimmo Palin, Tomas Tanskanen, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo, Brent Zanke, Satu Mannisto, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie Weinstein, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Julie Palmer, Daniel Buchanan, Elizabeth Platz, Kala Visvanathan, Cornelia Ulrich, Erin Siegel, Stefanie Brezina, Andrea Gsur, Peter Campbell, Jenny Chang-Claude, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner, Martha Slattery, John Potter, Konstantinos Tsilidis, Matthias Schulze, Marc Gunter, Neil Murphy, Antoni Castells, Sergi Castellvi-Bel, Leticia Moreira, Volker Arndt, Anna Shcherbina, Mariana Stern, Bens Pardamean, Timothy Bishop, Graham Giles, Melissa Southey, Gregory Idos, Kevin McDonnell, Zomoroda Abu-Ful, Joel Greenson, Katerina Shulman, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Kenneth Offit, Yu-Ru Su, Robert Steinfelder, Temitope Keku, Bethany van Guelpen, Thomas Hudson, Heather Hampel, Rachel Pearlman, Sonja Berndt, Richard Hayes, Marie Elena Martinez, Sushma Thomas, Douglas Corley, Paul Pharoah, Susanna Larsson, Yun Yen, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Emily White, Li Li, Kimberly Doheny, Elizabeth Pugh, Tameka Shelford, Andrew Chan, Marcia Cruz-Correa, Annika Lindblom, David Hunter, Amit Joshi, Clemens Schafmayer, Peter Scacheri, Anshul Kundaje, Deborah Nickerson, Robert Schoen, Jochen Hampe, Zsofia Stadler, Pavel Vodicka, Ludmila Vodickova, Veronika Vymetalkova, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Chistopher Edlund, William Gauderman, Duncan Thomas, David Shibata, Amanda Toland, Sanford Markowitz, Andre Kim, Stephen Chanock, Franzel van Duijnhoven, Edith Feskens, Lori Sakoda, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Alicja Wolk, Alessio Naccarati, Barbara Pardini, Liesel FitzGerald, Soo Chin Lee, Shuji Ogino, Stephanie Bien, Charles Kooperberg, Christopher Li, Yi Lin, Ross Prentice, Conghui Qu, Stephane Bezieau, Catherine Tangen, Elaine Mardis, Taiki Yamaji, Norie Sawada, Motoki Iwasaki, Christopher Haiman, Loic Le Marchand, Anna Wu, Chenxu Qu, Caroline McNeil, Gerhard Coetzee, Caroline Hayward, Ian Deary, Sarah Harris, Evropi Theodoratou, Stuart Reid, Marion Walker, Li Yin Ooi, Victor Moreno, Graham Casey, Stephen Gruber, Ian Tomlinson, Wei Zheng, Malcolm Dunlop, Richard Houlston, Ulrike Peters
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jonathan Higham, Lyndsay Kerr, Qian Zhang, Rosie M. Walker, Sarah E. Harris, David M. Howard, Emma L. Hawkins, Anca-Larisa Sandu, J. Douglas Steele, Gordon D. Waiter, Alison D. Murray, Kathryn L. Evans, Andrew M. McIntosh, Peter M. Visscher, Ian J. Deary, Simon R. Cox, Duncan Sproul
Summary: This study analyzed DNA methylation changes in individuals aged between 67 and 80 and found that age-associated methylation changes mostly occur at low CpG density loci and are influenced by local DNA sequence polymorphisms. These findings contribute to our understanding of the relationship between DNA methylation and aging.