Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Seong Yeon Kim, Sung-il Cho
Summary: This study examines the trajectories of tobacco use and risk factors, as well as the association between mobile phone dependency and smoking, among adolescents and young adults. The findings highlight the long-term effects of mobile phone dependency on smoking patterns from early adolescence to young adulthood.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Merel Keijsers, Maria Cecilia Vega-Corredor, Melanie Tomintz, Simon Hoermann
Summary: Virtual reality technologies have been proposed to enhance smoking cessation therapy, with cue exposure therapy being the most studied intervention. However, the long-term effects are inconsistent. Behavioral therapies like approach-avoidance tasks or gamified interventions have shown positive results.Future research should focus on multicomponent interventions and include control groups for validity.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emad Pirhadi, Xiang Cheng, Xin Yong
Summary: Autonomous motion and motility are characteristics of active matter, which consume energy to generate self-propulsion and locomotion, leading to persistent out-of-equilibrium state. The pressure of generic active matter is boundary-dependent due to torque interaction between active constituents and confinement. Research findings suggest that mechanical pressure of anisotropic active particles may become independent of wall interactions, particularly when the wall stiffness exceeds a critical level, allowing pressure to recover as a state variable of density.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Alessandra Vergallito, Erica Varoli, Alberto Pisoni, Giulia Mattavelli, Lilia Del Mauro, Sarah Feroldi, Giuseppe Vallar, Leonor J. Romero Lauro
Summary: We studied the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on cortical excitability using a combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG). Anodal tDCS over the right Posterior Parietal Cortex (rPPC) increased cortical excitability, while cathodal tDCS had no effect. However, when an endogenous task-induced activation was present during stimulation, cathodal tDCS effectively modulated cortical excitability.
Article
Neurosciences
Xingran Wang, Yiyao Zhang, Kaiqing Zhang, Yi Yuan
Summary: The study found that neural activity induced by ultrasound stimulation in mice is modulated by the behavioral state, with significant differences in neural activity and response under different behavioral states. Additionally, the intensity of ultrasound also has a linear impact on neural activity, showing potential benefits for the application of ultrasound stimulation in neuroscience.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
K. J. Juul, K. L. Nielsen, C. F. Niordson
Summary: A numerical framework for analyzing steady-state elastic-plastic material deformation at finite strains has been developed, providing an efficient and accurate method to extract steady-state solution. The framework offers advantages over traditional Lagrangian procedures and is important for manufacturing processes involving significant strains.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Marta Civljak, Lovro Ackar, Livia Puljak
Summary: Nurses in Croatia have limited knowledge and use of smoking cessation interventions, with a low percentage of nurses receiving training in this area. The high prevalence of smoking among nurses may impact the effectiveness of workplace smoking cessation efforts.
Article
Neurosciences
Marco Esposito, Clarissa Ferrari, Claudia Fracassi, Carlo Miniussi, Debora Brignani
Summary: This study aimed to verify whether the behavioral effects induced by a common tDCS montage were influenced by participants' arousal levels, highlighting the potential role of arousal in shaping the neuromodulatory outcome.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Joshua Wadlin, Daniel E. Ford, Michael C. Albert, Nae-Yuh Wang, Geetanjali Chander
Summary: An EMR-based BPA can potentially increase the number of referrals to quitline services, but more efforts are needed to improve providers' utilization of quitlines and patient acceptance of services.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Juha Silvanto, Zaira Cattaneo
Summary: The study found that the effects of online TMS vary qualitatively depending on the brain state and TMS intensity. TMS may have a facilitatory effect when the targeted neuronal representations are in a suppressed state. The behavioral effects of TMS reflect a nonlinear interaction between initial activation state and TMS intensity.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laura Maniscalco, Salvatore Barretta, Giuseppe Pizzo, Domenica Matranga
Summary: The study examined nurses' attitudes, belief, and knowledge of smoking cessation counselling, as well as knowledge of the health risks associated with smoking. Results showed variations in attitude and knowledge levels towards smoking cessation counselling among nurses from different units.
Article
Business, Finance
Selien De Schryder, Frederic Opitz
Summary: A recent study identified a set of novel macroprudential policy shocks and estimated their effects on credit cycle variables in 13 EU countries. The findings show that policy tightening shocks lead to decreases in bank credit-to-GDP and household credit-to-GDP ratios, with stronger effects in credit cycle upturns. Additionally, a leakage of firm credit from the banking to non-banking sector was observed, along with a shift from household to firm credit.
JOURNAL OF FINANCIAL STABILITY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Lisa Rother, Robin Mueller, Erwin Kirschenmann, James J. J. Foster, Sinan Kaya-Zeeb, Markus Thamm, Keram Pfeiffer
Summary: The behavioural state of animals affects neuronal information processing. In insects, locomotion has been shown to change the response properties of visual interneurons, but its effect on photoreceptors is unknown. This study found that the visual processing speed of bumblebees significantly increased when they were walking, and this increase was accompanied by a rise in eye temperature. Artificially heating the head confirmed that the walking-induced temperature increase was responsible for the faster processing speed. Walking also accelerated the visual system to the equivalent of a 14-fold increase in light intensity. These findings suggest that the rise in temperature during walking accelerates the processing of visual information, which is advantageous for processing the increased information flow during locomotion.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Zhiwei Gao, Xin Li, Dechun Lu
Summary: Advanced constitutive models can accurately capture the behavior of sand, but may be highly mesh-dependent due to strain-softening in real boundary value problems. A nonlocal regularization method has been proposed to address this issue and has shown promising results for predicting soil behavior in geotechnical engineering applications.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
J. Oberlaender, C. Champanhac, R. da Costa Marques, K. Landfester, V Mailaender
Summary: This study investigated the influence of surface charge, temperature, and plasma concentration on the formation and composition of the protein corona of polystyrene nanoparticles and its impact on cellular uptake. The results showed that the composition of the corona is influenced by these parameters and can affect the cellular uptake of pre-coated nanoparticles.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Robert Svensson-Bjork, Sanjib Saha, Stefan Acosta, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Julien Hasselmann, Giuseppe Asciutto, Moncef Zarrouk
Summary: This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of NPWT compared to standard dressings for preventing SSIs after open inguinal vascular surgery, finding that NPWT was cost-effective due to a reduced incidence of SSIs without increasing overall costs.
JOURNAL OF TISSUE VIABILITY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dumisani MacDonald Hompashe, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Carmen S. Christian, Anja Smith, Ronelle Burger
Summary: This study conducted in South Africa explores the connection between patient satisfaction and experiences with non-clinical dimensions of care. It shows that informed patients are better able to assess healthcare system responsiveness. Insights from responsiveness could guide efforts towards targeted education and empowerment of primary healthcare users to strengthen health systems and shape expectations for appropriate care and conduct.
Article
Economics
Hjordis Hardardottir, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Erik Wengstrom
Summary: This paper explores the ethical assumptions underlying income-related health inequality and income inequality measures in the Swedish population, finding that the median subject and certain demographics prioritize concern for the poor in different ways. Ethically flexible inequality measures suggest researchers must choose from a variety of indices to reflect population views on how inequality should be defined.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sofie Persson, Sanjib Saha, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Hakan Toresson, Dominic Trepel, Johan Jarl
Summary: This study examines the health-care costs of dementia diseases and finds that the costs start to rise 10 years before formal diagnosis and remain stable for 4 years after diagnosis. These findings challenge the current understanding of dementia costs.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Fitsum Sebsibe Teni, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Reiner Leidl, Martin Henriksson, Mimmi Astrom, Sun Sun, Kristina Burstrom
Summary: This study investigated inequality and heterogeneity in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Sweden, providing EQ-5D-5L population reference data. Results showed a socioeconomic gradient in HRQoL, with the strongest association between diseases/conditions and EQ VAS scores seen for depression and mental health problems. Adjusting for health-related behaviors and conditions slightly reduced, but did not eliminate, socioeconomic inequalities in HRQoL.
QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sanjib Saha, Jonas Nordstrom, Peter Scarborough, Linda Thunstrom, Ulf-G Gerdtham
Summary: Introducing taxes and subsidies on foods and nutrients can potentially improve dietary habits and reduce mortality rates. A study on Swedish public health found that reforming the Value Added Tax by increasing taxes on saturated fat-rich products and lowering taxes on fruits and vegetables could lead to a significant decrease in diet-related deaths in Sweden. The impact on different socioeconomic groups and the cost-effectiveness of these reforms should be further examined before implementation.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Economics
Gawain Heckley, Martin Nordin, Ulf-G Gerdtham
Summary: This paper examines the impact of university attendance on healthcare utilization among young adults in Sweden. The results show that the eligibility rule significantly increases university attendance for both males and females. However, it also reveals that the effect of university education on mental health-related hospital admissions varies between genders.
Article
Economics
Vibeke Mueller, Ulf Gerdtham, Ann Alriksson-Schmidt, Johan Jarl
Summary: This study finds that having a child with early-onset cerebral palsy increases the risk of divorce for parents with low education and reduces the likelihood of having additional children, especially for older mothers and parents with low education. The severity level of the disability does not affect the results.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Margareta Dackehag, Lina Maria Ellegard, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Therese Nilsson
Summary: This study examines the relationship between local macroeconomic conditions and individual use of psychotropic medication. The findings show that when the local labor market conditions deteriorate, there is a decrease in the use of psychotropic medication among young men and older women, particularly in the use of antidepressants. Additionally, these age-gender groups also face a higher risk of mortality during economic downturns.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Economics
Anna Linder, Martin Nordin, Ulf-G. Gerdtham, Gawain Heckley
Summary: This study investigates the impact of grading bias on mental health and provides novel evidence that over-grading has a significant protective effect on the mental health of female students. The findings also highlight the important mechanism through which grades themselves, independent of knowledge, impact health.
Article
Substance Abuse
V. Mueller, J. Jarl, U. -G. Gerdham
Summary: The present study proposes an Alcohol Affordability (AA) index to measure the affordability of alcohol in Sweden, which can be used to monitor alcohol control policy. By comparing different types of alcoholic beverages and price categories, as well as population groups, this study facilitates governmental monitoring and supervision of alcohol policy in Nordic countries.
NORDIC STUDIES ON ALCOHOL AND DRUGS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Derek Asuman, Ulf-G. Gerdtham, Ann I. Alriksson-Schmidt, Elisabet Rodby-Bousquet, Guro L. Andersen, Johan Jarl
Summary: Pain is associated with labor outcomes for adults with cerebral palsy, and it may affect employment and earnings through increased likelihood of sickness leave and early retirement. Therefore, pain management could potentially be important to improve labor outcomes for adults with cerebral palsy, in addition to improving the quality of life.
DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Economics
Derek Asuman, Ulf-G. Gerdtham, Ann I. Alriksson-Schmidt, Martin Nordin, Johan Jarl
Summary: This study examines the labour market consequences of cerebral palsy (CP), a lifelong early onset disability, using data from linked Swedish National Population Registers between 1990 and 2015. The results show significant negative effects of CP on labour outcomes, which have increased over time. The social insurance system partially compensates for these losses through non-work-related benefits. The study highlights the direct impact of CP on labour market outcomes, suggesting that individuals with CP have lower labour outcomes compared to those without CP, even with the same mediators.
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Sanjib Saha, Ulf Gerdtham, Mats Blackberg, Petter Kollberg, Fredrik Liedberg
Summary: According to a study, prophylactic mesh in the sublay position during cystectomy with ileal conduit diversion is cost-effective for preventing parastomal hernia.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY OPEN SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Economics
Martin Fischer, Ulf-G Gerdtham, Gawain Heckley, Martin Karlsson, Gustav Kjellsson, Therese Nilsson
Summary: The study investigates the long-term health effects of two parallel school reforms in Sweden. One reform focused on increasing years of schooling, leading to reduced mortality and improved health, while the other reform not only increased schooling years but also removed tracking, resulting in a negative impact on health, possibly due to changed peer group dynamics.
